Feudalism
Feudalism was a system of government during the Middle Ages.Feudalism began as a contract under which military service was given in exchange for land. Feudalism started because the centralized government fell apart after the fall of The Roman Empire. The picture on the left is the feudal system chart
Crusades
The Crusades were a series of military campaigns during the time of the Middle Ages against the Muslims of the Middle East.They wore a cross on their armor.In 1076, the Muslims had captured Jerusalem. They were crusaders because they beleive and fought for god. The First Crusade sucessful 5000 crusaders left Europe forJerusalem in 1096 they were sucessful in taking over Jerusalem. The Second and Third Crusades were unsucessful French and German kings set off in 1147 to retake land from Muslims it was a failure. The Third Crusade began after the Muslims retook Jerusalem in 1189. It was King Richard I against Saladin In the end King Richard returned home to Jerusalem still in Muslim hands.The outcome of the Crusades made the Muslims sometimes have mutual respect for the Christians, and the Jews distrusted the Christian.
Black Death
In the 1300's a disease was brought in from Asia called the black death. Rats that came in ships from Asia brought the disease and fleas that bit the rat spreaded it. The black death were caused by 3 different plaugues they were the Bubonic plague, and Pneumonic Plague Septicemic plague. The Black Death wiped out one-third of Europe's Population that is 25 million people. The Black Death
Magna Carta
Magna Carta is a paper that King John was forced into signing. King John was forced into signing Magna Carta because it limited the rights and power he held as the King of England and allowed for the formation of a powerful parliament. The Magna Carta became the basis for English citizen's rights.Archbishop Stephen Langton and the most powerful Barons of England wrote Magna Carta.The Parliment is the lawmaking body that governs England today
Hundreds Year War
The Hundred Years War was a series of wars between England and France. When William The Conqueror became king in 1066 after his victory at the Battle of Hastlings, he united England with Normandy in France. William ruled both.Joan of Arc rallied the French troops. The english eventually captured and killed Joan but it was too late the French had already drove the English back to their country
Popes and Kings
Pope Gegory Vll thought popes should have the power to choose bishops they beleives popes should have not kings.Emperor Henry IV thought popes had too much power and kings should pick the bishops. They got in a fight and Pope Gregory won and he was going to excommunite Henry which means cast out from church if they get excommunicated they beleived that you don't go to heaven. Henry stood in the snow for 3 days waiting for Gregory to cancel his excommunication and Gegory did.